tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-57662607781867806222024-03-13T14:33:54.360-04:00Torah Bytesמוקדש להורים שלי ז''ל יהושע בן ישראל וראניא בת יוסף<br>
<b>הקיצו ורננו שכני עפר</b>
<p><a href="mailto:joe770@gmail.com">EMAIL</a> </p>CKHLhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16166683411059231942noreply@blogger.comBlogger411125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5766260778186780622.post-45504578892182752622015-06-26T12:02:00.000-04:002015-08-12T15:35:41.382-04:00@ The fifth night of Chanukkah<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Rabbi Abraham Zvi Greenvald, was born in Lodz, Poland.
When he was 17, he was in Warsaw at the wedding of the future 7th Rebbe,Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson whom he personally met. This meeting, my father would later realize, would portend much in the future.
A youth of about 17, my father arrived at the wedding together with his relative and teacher, Rabbi Menachem Zemba. On the morning after, Rabbi Zemba told him he was going to visit the bridegroom in the hotel, and if my father wished, he could accompany him. Understandably, my father agreed.<br />
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<b><a href="http://centralcloud.blogspot.com/2015/08/fifth-night-of-chanukkah.html">Continue reading</a></b></div>
CKHLhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16166683411059231942noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5766260778186780622.post-81805258750987424532012-09-23T00:29:00.000-04:002015-05-26T00:15:28.800-04:00@ Rebbe Story #6 <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_lJj15zBuJQE/SXl4jufNYrI/AAAAAAAACig/G4TlCVA34aM/s400/glance.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" target="_blank"><img border="0" height="90" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_lJj15zBuJQE/SXl4jufNYrI/AAAAAAAACig/G4TlCVA34aM/s200/glance.jpg" width="132" /></a></div>
<span style="color: purple; font-size: large;">A Satmar woman living in Brooklyn was having medical problems and the prognosis was bleak. A friend suggested...<a href="http://centralcloud.blogspot.com/2015/05/rebbe-story.html" target="_blank"> <i>Continue</i></a></span><span style="color: purple; font-size: large;"><i><a href="http://centralcloud.blogspot.com/2015/05/rebbe-story.html" target="_blank"> </a></i></span></div>
CKHLhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16166683411059231942noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5766260778186780622.post-10685106203085911262012-09-13T17:16:00.001-04:002015-05-26T00:20:06.949-04:00@ The Lubavitcher Rebbe on Tefillin <br />
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<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Of-0me3OGuQ/UFJM_-6F1jI/AAAAAAAAA6g/jwK9GlOk8wU/s1600/ceb2.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="138" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Of-0me3OGuQ/UFJM_-6F1jI/AAAAAAAAA6g/jwK9GlOk8wU/s200/ceb2.JPG" width="200" /><span style="border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The following is an interesting story of a conversation Professor Avraham Polichenco had with the Lubavitcher Rebbe which provides a unique take on Tefillin and their relevance in our lives today.</span></a></div>
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In the early sixties the “mainframe computers” were making their first appearances in businesses. Professor Avraham Polichenco was a professor of <a href="http://www.ajudaica.com/blog/2011/05/the-lubavitcher-rebbe-on-tefillin/#" id="_GPLITA_0" in_hdr="null" in_rurl="http://trkjmp.com/click?v=VVM6MTk5MDI6MTEyNTpjb21wdXRlciBzY2llbmNlOjJiNTdkNTBkZTE4YTJkYjc4MDRlMjU5MGE1M2NhOTBlOnotMTA5My01MzY5Mzp3d3cuYWp1ZGFpY2EuY29tOjEwMTQ5OmltYWdlX29ubHk" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" title="Click to Continue > by Text-Enhance">computer science</a> who introduced computers to Argentina. This pioneer was fortunate enough to visit the Rebbe and engage in conversation with him. In one of their conversations the professor asked the following: <a href="http://centralcloud.blogspot.com/2015/05/lubavitcher-rebbe-on-tefillin.html" style="background-color: transparent;" target="_blank"><i>Continue</i></a></div>
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CKHLhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16166683411059231942noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5766260778186780622.post-35599608840805641472012-08-12T23:12:00.003-04:002015-08-12T15:42:25.673-04:00@ Rebbe's instructions for the month of Elul<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-PJ-4UtUovYs/UChxB8F6n_I/AAAAAAAAA5I/Zv6xGo3EiCY/s1600/elul1.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="152" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-PJ-4UtUovYs/UChxB8F6n_I/AAAAAAAAA5I/Zv6xGo3EiCY/s200/elul1.gif" width="200" /></a><span style="background-color: white; color: purple; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; line-height: 13.600000381469727px;">We should wish each individual Jew and all Jews as one, Ksivah Vachasimah Tovah, Leshanah Tovah Umesukah May you be inscribed and sealed for a good and sweet year!</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: purple; line-height: 13.600000381469727px;">This should be done through any available method face to face, by word of mouth or in writing. Even if we have already blessed a particular individual, we should nevertheless continue to bless them time and again throughout Elul. </span></span><br />
<span style="color: purple; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; line-height: 13.600000381469727px;"><br /></span><span style="background-color: white; line-height: 13.6000003814697px;"><a href="http://centralcloud.blogspot.com/2015/08/rebbes-instructions-for-month-of-elul.html">Continue Reading</a></span></span><br />
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CKHLhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16166683411059231942noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5766260778186780622.post-78823391970075908992012-08-12T13:27:00.002-04:002015-05-22T12:09:52.430-04:00@ "We Will Not Fly to the Holy Land on an Airplane!"<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: purple; font-size: large;">The Rebbe said may times that we will not go to the Holy Land on a plane, but rather on the Clouds of Glory. <i> </i></span></span><a href="http://centralcloud.blogspot.com/2015/05/we-will-not-fly-to-holy-land-on-airplane.html" style="background-color: white; font-size: x-large;" target="_blank"><span style="color: red;"><i>Continue</i></span></a><br />
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CKHLhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16166683411059231942noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5766260778186780622.post-16372953562586647462012-06-26T17:10:00.004-04:002012-07-04T00:04:51.510-04:00Rebbe pic.<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-flnu6i-NcEQ/T-olGybvZiI/AAAAAAAAA1o/rKhZGHRuvAo/s1600/targumYonassanEyes.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-flnu6i-NcEQ/T-olGybvZiI/AAAAAAAAA1o/rKhZGHRuvAo/s400/targumYonassanEyes.jpg" width="342" /></a></div>
<br />CKHLhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16166683411059231942noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5766260778186780622.post-31268042748089354962012-06-14T22:28:00.004-04:002015-05-26T00:36:44.888-04:00 @ "The only world in which Creation makes sense"<span style="color: purple; font-size: large;">Rabbi Steinsaltz stated in an interview that the Jewish response to whether ours was the best of all possible worlds or the worst of all possible worlds is that "We are living in the worst of all possible worlds in which there is still hope." <a href="http://centralcloud.blogspot.com/2015/05/only-world-in-which-creation-makes-sense.html"><b><i>Continue</i></b></a></span><br />
<span style="color: purple; font-size: large;"><br /></span>CKHLhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16166683411059231942noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5766260778186780622.post-54352217766991530772012-06-03T01:24:00.001-04:002015-05-26T00:44:43.666-04:00@ Rebbe story #4<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: purple; font-size: large;">Some time in the early 1940's, ten Lubavitch yeshiva bochurim (students) received draft notices. As they were going into the train station, the previous Lubavitcher Rebbe was seen at his window peering out and saying something. <a href="http://centralcloud.blogspot.com/2015/05/rebbe-story-4.html"><i>Continue</i></a></span>CKHLhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16166683411059231942noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5766260778186780622.post-16513232661245225692012-05-20T14:26:00.000-04:002015-06-19T13:14:38.875-04:00@ The bunker mezuzah<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-1aCiRocfD4A/T7k2xMVusiI/AAAAAAAAA0A/YrSDT3-wO9c/s1600/656231.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="150" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-1aCiRocfD4A/T7k2xMVusiI/AAAAAAAAA0A/YrSDT3-wO9c/s200/656231.jpg" width="200" /></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: purple;">This event took place during the Yom Kippur War in 1973. A group of Israeli officers was leaving their bunker as the Egyptians were closing in. On his way out, one officer took off the mezuza on the bunker's door. </span><a href="http://centralcloud.blogspot.com/2015/06/the-bunker-mezuzah.html"><span style="color: red;">Continue reading</span></a></span>CKHLhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16166683411059231942noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5766260778186780622.post-11937664723446018062012-05-12T22:47:00.000-04:002015-06-21T16:22:11.957-04:00@ Rebbe story<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-pJ_2jlWRr8A/T68giVn2EeI/AAAAAAAAAzo/cmOEORbHgKk/s1600/br.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-pJ_2jlWRr8A/T68giVn2EeI/AAAAAAAAAzo/cmOEORbHgKk/s200/br.jpg" width="200" /></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">An engaged couple had a private audience (yechidus) with the Rebbe. In the course of the audience, the bride got emotional and motioned to her groom to leave. She then proceeded to tell the Rebbe that she was scared to get married as she had a terrible temper <span style="color: red;"><a href="http://centralcloud.blogspot.com/2015/06/rebbe-story.html">Continue</a></span></span>CKHLhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16166683411059231942noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5766260778186780622.post-69382941650332356292012-04-21T22:22:00.003-04:002015-06-19T13:19:36.131-04:00@ Coming soon...<h6 class="uiStreamMessage" data-ft="{"type":1}">
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<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-3dGmgyYswoc/T5Nq0v6daUI/AAAAAAAAAyg/jFF9q_jjzn8/s1600/planetary_resources_e1331723456e974d06d766c4b604e73d.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-3dGmgyYswoc/T5Nq0v6daUI/AAAAAAAAAyg/jFF9q_jjzn8/s1600/planetary_resources_e1331723456e974d06d766c4b604e73d.jpg" /></a><span style="font-size: small;"><span class="st">"</span><b></b>In that Era there will be neither famine nor war, neither envy nor
competition, for good things will flow in abundance and all the delights will be as freely
available as dust. The occupation of the entire world will be solely to know G-d. The Jews
will therefore be great sages and know the hidden matters, and will attain an
understanding of their Creator to the [full] extent of human potential; as it is written <cite>[Yeshayahu
11:9] </cite></span></h6>
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<span style="color: red; font-size: small;"><cite><a href="http://centralcloud.blogspot.com/2015/06/sky-diamonds.html">Continue here</a></cite></span></h6>
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CKHLhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16166683411059231942noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5766260778186780622.post-4756054567979030612012-02-17T16:58:00.000-05:002015-06-19T13:28:10.957-04:00@ Easy as alef, beis, gimmel....<br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: purple; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: large;">A Ben Noach is obligated in 7 Mitzvos, an easy way to remember is thru this mnemonic:</span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: purple; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: large;"><a href="http://centralcloud.blogspot.com/2015/06/from-to-z-noahide-code.html">Continue reading</a></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: purple; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>CKHLhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16166683411059231942noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5766260778186780622.post-39935345493093835382012-02-07T13:06:00.001-05:002012-02-07T13:06:51.103-05:00Wolf and lamb<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px;"></span><br />
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<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-TkgZFOW1c-E/TzFn4nzQRpI/AAAAAAAAAvM/35ACIcLD-XA/s1600/bonobo_hug.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="118" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-TkgZFOW1c-E/TzFn4nzQRpI/AAAAAAAAAvM/35ACIcLD-XA/s200/bonobo_hug.jpg" width="200" /></a></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #001320; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 21px;"><i><br /></i></span></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #001320; font-family: 'Ezra SIL', 'SBL Hebrew', Cardo, 'Palatino Linotype', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 27px;">גר זאב עם־כבש ונמר עם־גדי ירבץ ועגל וכפיר ומריא יחדו ונער קטן נהג בםi</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #001320; font-family: 'Ezra SIL', 'SBL Hebrew', Cardo, 'Palatino Linotype', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 27px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21px;"><i>The wolf will live with the lamb, the leopard will lie down with the goat, the calf and the lion and the yearling together; and a little child will lead them.</i></span></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #001320; font-family: 'Ezra SIL', 'SBL Hebrew', Cardo, 'Palatino Linotype', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 27px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21px;"><i>Isaiah 11:6</i></span></span></div>
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Nature is supposed to be red in tooth and claw, and domestication an artificial process for making animals gentle. But it appears that some corners of the animal kingdom are becoming kinder, gentler places. Certain creatures may be domesticating themselves.</div>
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This possibility is most apparent in bonobos, a close cousin of chimpanzees. Unlike their violent cousins, bonobos are generally peaceful. And while many animals have evolved to be socially agreeable, bonobos — and possibly other species — seem to be experiencing something more precise and profound: the physical and behavioral changes specifically described in studies of domestication, but as a natural evolutionary process.</div>
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“Normally you think of domestication as something that happens at the hands of humans,” said Brian Hare, a Duke University evolutionary anthropologist . “The idea that a species domesticated itself is a bit crazy, but there are some species that outcompeted others by becoming nicer.”</div>
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The essence of domestication is a loss of aggression. Because this is such a basic trait, involving modifications to nervous and endocrine systems, and alterations of complex gene networks with multiple functions, it generates a variety of changes. Researchers call them a “domestication syndrome,” and while aspects are seen in all domesticated animals, the principles are <a href="http://www.hum.utah.edu/~bbenham/2510%20Spring%2009/Behavior%20Genetics/Farm-Fox%20Experiment.pdf%3Cbr%20/%3E" style="color: #007ca5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none;">distilled in a famous Russian experiment on foxes</a>.</div>
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Starting in 1959 with 130 farm-bred but wild foxes and continuing until today, researchers allowed only those individuals most tolerant of human contact to breed. In less than 50 years, the fierce-tempered and untouchable foxes became playful, face-licking sweethearts who loved to be held. Those traits are typically seen in wild pups, but disappear as they grow up.</div>
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With juvenile behaviors came juvenile appearances: Even as adults, foxes in the experiment now have spotted coats, floppy ears, curly tails and short legs. They’re evolutionarily suspended in childhood — and that, said Hare, may explain bonobos. “I have a lot of bonobos who are ‘friends,’ and I look at them and say, ‘I don’t understand how you evolved. You are too goofy, too nice, too silly. How did you not get eaten?” he said. “But they are very successful.”</div>
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"I have a lot of bonobos who are 'friends,' and I look at them and say, 'I don't understand how you evolved. You are too goofy,'" said Hare. </div>
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Bonobos are very different than chimpanzees, from whom they split taxonomically about one million years ago. Chimp males struggle constantly and violently for dominance; bonobo males almost never fight, and stage virility contests involving non-confrontational stick-dragging. Male chimps often coerce females into sex; bonobos ask for permission. At the group level, chimpanzees regularly engage in something like low-level warfare, with lethal consequences; bonobos don’t. Mostly they hang out, play, and exchange sexual favors with frequency so astounding <a href="https://encrypted.google.com/search?q=%22bonobo%22%20%22make%20love,%20not%20war%22&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8" style="color: #007ca5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none;">they’ve become pop-culture tropes</a>.</div>
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Lab tests back up in-the-wild observations. Relative to chimps, bonobos are stressed by competition, attentive to others’ needs, and eager to cooperate and share. Brain regions crucial to behavior and development, like the amygdala and occipital frontal cortex, are arranged differently. And in keeping with theories of domestication, bonobos play like juvenile chimpanzees, but throughout their lives. Their skulls also have smaller jawbones and teeth, or what anatomists call “paedomorphic” — child-shaped — features. They also have a white tail tuft and extra-pink lips, a possible analogue to the white spots often seen in, for example, cats and dogs.</div>
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According to Hare and study co-author Richard Wrangham, one of the world’s foremost primatologists, these are likely signs of domestication. But why and how could natural selection tame the bonobo? One possible narrative begins about 2.5 million years ago, when the last common ancestor of bonobos and chimpanzees lived both north and south of the Zaire River, as did gorillas, their ecological rivals. A massive drought drove gorillas from the south, and they never returned. That last common ancestor suddenly had the southern jungles to themselves.</div>
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As a result, competition for resources wouldn’t be as fierce as before. Aggression, such a costly habit, wouldn’t have been so necessary. And whereas a resource-limited environment likely made female alliances rare, as they are in modern chimpanzees, reduced competition would have allowed females to become friends. No longer would males intimidate them and force them into sex. Once reproduction was no longer traumatic, they could afford to be fertile more often, which in turn reduced competition between males.</div>
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“If females don’t let you beat them up, why should a male bonobo try to be dominant over all the other males?” said Hare. “In male chimps, it’s very costly to be on top. Often in primate hierarchies, you don’t stay on top very long. Everyone is gunning for you. You’re getting in a lot of fights. If you don’t have to do that, it’s better for everybody.” Chimpanzees had been caught in what Hare called “this terrible cycle, and bonobos have been able to break this cycle.” In doing so, they rose to primate supremacy in a region roughly the size of the United States east of the Mississippi River, and reigned unchallenged until<em style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Homo sapiens</em> came along.</div>
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All this, at least, is the hypothesis: It’s important to note that it’s a proposed rather than certain scenario. It’s at least conceivable, if highly unlikely, that bonobos started out peaceful and chimpanzees became more aggressive. Conclusive proof would require a time machine. Still, the evidence is suggestive and the scenario plausible.</div>
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'The idea that a species domesticated itself is a bit crazy, but there are some species that outcompeted others by becoming nicer.'</div>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 20px;">“High aggression is likely costly,” said Frank Albert, an evolutionary anthropologist at Princeton University who </span></span><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2006/07/25/health/25rats.html?pagewanted=all" style="color: #007ca5; font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none;">studies the genetics of domestication</a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 20px;">. “So it seems not very surprising that some of the bonobo-chimp ancestors may have benefited from evolving reduced aggression — and eventually become today’s bonobos.”</span></span><div style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 20px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">
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Not that bonobos will soon be peeking out of cardboard boxes on Cute Overload. On the trajectory from wild to domestic, they’re something like <a href="http://www.usfca.edu/fac-staff/dever/dog_evo.pdf%3Cbr%20/%3E" style="color: #007ca5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none;">certain wolves were tens of thousands of years ago</a>, after reduced aggression allowed them to exploit a new ecological niche at the edges of growing human settlements, said Hare. At that time, people hadn’t yet started keeping and breeding dogs. Once they did, it accelerated a domestication already naturally underway.</div>
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But why stop with dogs and bonobos? Hare and Wrangham suspect self-domestication is happening elsewhere, and new niches around human habitation remain a likely place look. Large cities and suburbs are new to much of Earth’s surface, and represent opportunity to animals that can exploit them. A lack of aggression isn’t absolutely necessary — learning to hide quietly in brush by a sidewalk can represent wariness, not amiability — but it could help.</div>
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“I live in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, and we’re overrun by deer. I keep seeing deer in my neighborhood with the star mutation,” said Hare, referencing the Bambi-style spotting traditionally seen in young deer and domesticated animals. “I’d love to know whether, if you did a study where there’s no urbanization, would you see a lower rate of the star mutation?” One study of Florida Keys deer, an endangered subspecies of white-tailed deer, didn’t look at pigmentation, but did find that urbanized deer were less fearful and lived in larger groups than before.</div>
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(If it seems like such significant evolution shouldn’t happen so quickly, remember that <a href="sd: http://www.environmental-expert.com/Files/6063/articles/9054/7-12-17.pdf<br />" style="color: #007ca5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none;">many changes underlying the domestication syndrome</a> don’t involve mutations to genes, but so-called epigenetic changes in the timing of gene activity. Epigenetics allows change to occur more rapidly than is possible through genetic mutation alone. “Evolution can happen very fast. It’s happening now,” Hare said.)</div>
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Another possible example is the Tonkean macaque, which is <a href="http://www.clas.ufl.edu/users/krigbaum/proseminar/Thierry_MacaqueSocieties_EA_2007.pdf" style="color: #007ca5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none;">less aggressive than any other macaque species</a>. They live in cohesive social groups and fight rarely. Unlike other macaques, their conflicts are followed by acts of reconciliation. They also have a habit of baring their teeth, but whereas in other macaques it signals submission, in Tonkeans it’s exchanged between equals. “This display is used like a smile,” said ethologist Bernard Thierry of the University of Strasbourg.</div>
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Thierry has tried to understand why Tonkean macaques are so exceptionally agreeable. It’s almost certainly the result of some evolutionary pressure, and that pressure could be self-domestication, though it hasn’t yet been demonstrated. “We still don’t know why some are nicer than others,” he said.</div>
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Self-domestication may also be favored on islands, where limited space and high population densities turn territorial defense into a constant fight. In such circumstances, aggression becomes self-destructive. “At very high densities, it becomes impossible to defend anything,” said Judy Stamps, the University of California, Davis evolutionary ecologist who <a 2828392"="" href="http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2012/02/self-domestication/%3Ca%20href=" http:="" pss="" style="color: #007ca5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none;" www.jstor.org="">studied how behaviors change on islands</a>. “In that situation, the animals might as well just relax. Instead of competing aggressively, animals might begin to cooperate with each other.”</div>
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That <a href="http://www.scribd.com/mnovosolov/d/70373688-Adler-and-Levins-1994-the-Island-Syndrom-in-Rodents" style="color: #007ca5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none;">seems to be happening</a> in Panamanian island populations of Central American spiny rats, which are significantly less aggressive than their mainland brethren. Hare even wonders if historical tales of island animals treating the first human arrivals without fear reflect not inexperience, but possible self-domestication.</div>
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<br /></div>CKHLhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16166683411059231942noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5766260778186780622.post-79272103310308265162012-01-28T19:19:00.000-05:002015-06-19T13:22:43.930-04:00@ Animal soulese<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-oaJlFMg9KaU/TySQRnk6g8I/AAAAAAAAAvE/tJ1WyTpyrjc/s1600/bs_foul_flag_2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-oaJlFMg9KaU/TySQRnk6g8I/AAAAAAAAAvE/tJ1WyTpyrjc/s200/bs_foul_flag_2.jpg" width="176" /></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">Reb Zalman Moshe Yitzchaki, father-in-law of the famous Reb Avrom Mayor Drizin, was known for his liberal use of profanities. This was even (or especially) evident during chassidic farbrengens (get-togethers).</span><br />
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<a href="http://centralcloud.blogspot.com/2015/06/soul-talk.html"><span style="color: red;"><b>Continue here</b></span></a>CKHLhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16166683411059231942noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5766260778186780622.post-30113062007668005812012-01-12T01:40:00.003-05:002015-06-21T16:36:26.996-04:00@ The Netilas Yadoyim Code<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #000099; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"></span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: purple;">There's a fascinating story about Rav Mordechai Eliyahu ZT"L during the 1973 War.</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: purple;">The war was very difficult for Israel on the Egyptian front</span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: purple;">One night, towards morning, <a href="http://centralcloud.blogspot.com/2015/06/netilas-yadoim-code.html">Continue</a></span></div>
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CKHLhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16166683411059231942noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5766260778186780622.post-53484638176734516562012-01-11T16:00:00.001-05:002012-01-11T16:00:09.285-05:00"Billions and billions...."<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px;"></span><br />
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Just 20 years ago, astronomers had no direct evidence that planets orbited other stars. Now, researchers estimate the Milky Way galaxy contains a huge number of planets, with Earth-sized worlds vastly outnumbering the rest.</div>
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“On average, every star has a planet, there are at least 100 billion stars, there are at least 100 billion planets,” said astronomer K. Sahu of the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, Maryland, who co-authored the new study, appearing Jan. 11 in <em style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Nature</em>.</div>
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They calculated this number by searching for planets using a technique called gravitational microlensing. The method works because, according to Einstein’s Theory of Relativity, a massive object bends the fabric of space-time.</div>
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Though a planet’s mass is relatively small, it is enough to curve space-time and create a “lens.” An exoplanet bends light as it passes in front of its parent star, causing a slight brightening of the star’s light.</div>
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Microlensing allows astronomers to look at a much larger sample of stars for exoplanets. Unlike other detection methods, such as looking for the slight wobble a planet exerts on its parent star, microlensing can discover planets with many different masses and distances from their star.</div>
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The team looked at roughly 30 different microlensing events and found that extrasolar planets caused three of them. Because microlensing observations are known to miss a certain percentage of planets, the researchers could use statistical analysis to get the true number of exoplanets in the galaxy.</div>
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“We think about one-sixth of stars should have a Jupiter-like planet, half have a Neptune-sized planet, and two-thirds should have an Earth,” said Sahu.</div>CKHLhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16166683411059231942noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5766260778186780622.post-61654041384753512012011-12-11T23:08:00.001-05:002015-06-26T12:05:42.699-04:00@ Believe it or not<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-T90GqYryv80/TuV92nSo4qI/AAAAAAAAAt0/0eM-OLB9RTk/s1600/bst-forest.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="100" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-T90GqYryv80/TuV92nSo4qI/AAAAAAAAAt0/0eM-OLB9RTk/s200/bst-forest.jpg" width="90" /></a>
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Once in awhile an event takes place that can only be properly described as a 'Baalshmeske maise', i.e. a supernatural occurrence, after Rabbi Yisroel Baal Shem Tov who was known as a miracle worker. Here's one of those stories related by Rabbi Laibel Groner, the Lubavitcher Rebbe's personal secretary, this past Shabbos: <a href="http://centralcloud.blogspot.com/2015/06/baalshemske-story.html"><span style="color: red;">CONTINUE reading</span></a></h3>
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CKHLhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16166683411059231942noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5766260778186780622.post-66588461180010586402011-12-06T17:53:00.001-05:002015-09-26T21:44:59.221-04:00@ The Size of the Universe<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: purple; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Space, as Douglas Adams once so aptly wrote, is big. To try imagining
how big, place a penny down in front of you. If our sun were the size
of that penny, the nearest star, Alpha Centauri, would be 350 miles
away.</span><br />
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<span style="color: purple; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><a href="http://centralcloud.blogspot.com/2015/09/the-size-of-universe.html">Continue reading</a></span></div>
CKHLhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16166683411059231942noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5766260778186780622.post-34059933545799726222011-12-06T17:51:00.001-05:002013-04-15T12:15:48.423-04:00<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"></span><br />
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Space, as Douglas Adams once so aptly wrote, is big. To try imagining how big, place a penny down in front of you. If our sun were the size of that penny, the nearest star, Alpha Centauri, would be 350 miles away. Depending on where you live, that’s very likely in the next state (or possibly country) over.</div>
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Attempting to imagine distances larger than this quickly becomes troublesome. At this scale, the Milky Way galaxy would be 7.5 million miles across, or more than 30 times the distance between the Earth and the moon. As you can see, these are rather inhuman dimensions that are almost impossible to really get a sense of.</div>
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But that doesn’t mean it’s completely impossible. Astronomers have made observations and simulations that in some way capture the enormity of our cosmos. In this gallery, Wired will look at the size and scale of the universe’s largest, farthest, and most mysterious objects.</div>
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<strong style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Above:</strong></div>
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Size of the Universe</h2>
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No one knows <a href="http://www.esa.int/esaSC/SEMR53T1VED_index_0_iv.html" style="color: #007ca5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none;" title="Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation">exactly how large</a> the universe is. It could be infinite or it could have an edge, meaning that traveling for long enough in one direction will bring you back to where you started, like traveling on the surface of a sphere.</div>
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Scientists argue over the exact shape and size of the universe but they can calculate one thing with good precision: how far away we can see. Light travels at a specific speed, and because the universe is approximately 13.7 billion years old, we can’t see anything farther away than 13.7 billion light years away, right?</div>
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Wrong. The strange thing about space is that it’s expanding. And that expansion can occur at more or less any speed — including faster than light speed — so the most distant objects we can see were in fact once much closer to us. Over time, the universe has shuffled distant stars and galaxies away from us as if they were on an extremely rapid conveyor belt, and dropped them off in far away locations.</div>
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Strangely, this means that our observational power is sort of “boosted” and the furthest things we can see are more than 46 billion light years away. While we are not the center of the universe, we are at the center of this observable portion of the universe, which traces out a sphere roughly 93 billion light years across.<br />
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<ul style="margin: 0px 0px 3px; padding: 0px;"><span style="line-height: 20px;">Tamir Kahson in 2004 discovered the inseparable link between beards and programming languages. As Kahson so artfully demonstrated, a programming language is only as successful</span> <a href="http://www.wired.com/wiredenterprise/2012/06/beard-gallery/" style="color: #007ca5; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;">as the beard on the face of the man who designed it</a> <span style="line-height: 20px;">— or something like that.</span></ul>
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OK, Grace Hopper didn’t have a beard, and she was the brains behind Cobol. But she’s not a man. Clearly, women are exempt the laws of tech facial hair.</div>
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In Silicon Valley, the beard is everything — unless you’re a woman or you’re Mark Zuckerberg and you can’t grow one. For everyone else, a beard is essential to Silicon Valley success. But not just any beard. You must carefully grow your facial hair to suit your particular role in the tech ecosystem.</div>
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Confused? Don’t worry. Here, we give you our<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Field Guide to Facial Topiary in the Tech Workplace.</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>If you’re a woman, ignore it. If you’re man, start not shaving.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">–Editor</i></div>
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Brand evangelist</div>
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Software developer</div>
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Communications manager</div>
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Technical support</div>
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Unix admin</div>
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Legal analyst (patents)</div>
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Legal analyst (Godwin’s law)</div>
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Software QA</div>
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Graphic designer</div>
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Evil graphic designer</div>
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Sam Elliott</div>
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Intradepartmental coordinator</div>
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Hardware engineer</div>
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Cofounder who left pre-IPO</div>
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Delivery guy for Big Sausage Pizzeria (moonlights as cable repairman)</div>
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Tactical officer and chief of security</div>
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Angel Investor</div>
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Community manager</div>
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CKHLhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16166683411059231942noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5766260778186780622.post-14512986332074255792011-12-05T18:18:00.001-05:002015-06-26T12:14:21.886-04:00 @ The Rise and Fall of Rabbi Yosef Della Reina<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-small; line-height: 12px;"></span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #660000; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', 'Trebuchet MS';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px;">(original post <a href="http://dreamingofmoshiach.blogspot.com/2007/07/story-rise-and-fall-of-rabbi-joseph.html">here</a>)</span></span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Lucida Grande', 'Trebuchet MS';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="color: #660000;">Rabbi Yosef Della Reina (1418 - 1472) lived in Tzfat and wanted to bring the Redemption. One day, he took 5 of his most loyal students whom were very knowledgeable in Kabbalah and did anything he requested. He told them, "I am resolved to use the secrets of the Torah to remove all impurities from this world and bring the Redemption and Moshiach, who will release us from our oppressors." </span><span style="color: red;"><a href="http://centralcloud.blogspot.com/2015/06/rise-and-fall-of-rabbi-yosef-della-reina.html"> Continue</a></span></span></span><br />
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CKHLhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16166683411059231942noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5766260778186780622.post-75834272034610044892011-11-25T13:28:00.001-05:002011-11-25T13:39:06.146-05:00Weekly Torah reading, parshas Toldos. פרשת תולדות קרית התורה<div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #b45f06; font-size: large;">Click image to listen.</span></div>CKHLhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16166683411059231942noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5766260778186780622.post-25671023945099610652011-11-24T12:12:00.001-05:002015-06-26T12:10:52.872-04:00@ Dollars and sense<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-v1Cwdyf_W5c/Ts5-EqULsLI/AAAAAAAAAtM/ZK6G_mn67ok/s1600/dollars.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="135" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-v1Cwdyf_W5c/Ts5-EqULsLI/AAAAAAAAAtM/ZK6G_mn67ok/s200/dollars.jpg" width="200" /></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: purple; font-size: large;">The Lubavitcher Rebbe in the 80's and early 90's would stand for hours on end distributing blessings and single dollars bills to thousands. This would usually take place on Sundays right outside the Rebbe's office at 770 Eastern Parkway in Brooklyn, NY.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: orange; font-size: large;"><a href="http://centralcloud.blogspot.com/2015/06/rebbe-story_26.html">Continue reading</a></span>CKHLhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16166683411059231942noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5766260778186780622.post-45359651360250077682011-11-23T10:53:00.001-05:002011-11-23T22:10:08.531-05:00Peaced out<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-VuDST8sllLE/Ts0Y053WKnI/AAAAAAAAAtE/r9jmOCF-Owo/s1600/PeaceIsDead-500x500.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: purple;"><b><img border="0" height="50" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-VuDST8sllLE/Ts0Y053WKnI/AAAAAAAAAtE/r9jmOCF-Owo/s200/PeaceIsDead-500x500.jpg" width="50" /></b></span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: purple;"><b></b>Lubavitcher Rebbe in 1980 stated </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: purple;">"The peace accords with Egypt are dangerous for the Jewish People and who knows what may happen in a year." A</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: purple;">nd in 1981 "Who could imagine what the situation will be in thirty years from now?"</span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: purple;">Both statements came true: Sadat was murdered a year late and Mubarak was overthrown thirty years later. </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: purple;"><i>It is well known that the Lubavitcher Rebbe opposed the peace treaty with Egypt and warned about the grave consequences to the future security of Israel, and the dangers to the nation that these accords will bring. At the time the Rebbe′s call was a lone cry in the wilderness opposing the Begin peace festival .</i></span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: purple;">Dr. Tzuriel visited the Lubavitcher Rebbe in 5741 (1981). During his visit he wanted to know why the Rebbe was so vehemently opposed to the peace pact with Egypt. "I argued with the Rebbe why he is so strongly opposed to the peace accords with Egypt, and why he is so worried about the ceding of the oil wells.
"How can we trust this pact?" asked the Rebbe. "Who knows who will rule in Egypt in a year from now, and who could imagine what the situation will be there in thirty years."
One year later, Anwar Sadat was murdered, and Dr. Tzuriel shared the Rebbe′s wondrous words with his friends.
"We are witness, right now, how the second part of the Rebbe′s sentence was so prophetic: "who could imagine what the situation will be there in thirty years!</span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: purple;"><b>Israel expects a "grave erosion" in its peace agreement with Egypt</b> and is even preparing for the possibility of the historic deal collapsing altogether. The comments by Matan Vilnai, the minister for civil, reflected the government's grave concerns that Egypt's Muslim Brotherhood could make major gains and even win elections in Egypt that begin next week. Brotherhood leaders have said they do not seek to outright end the 1979 peace accord with Israel. Like many liberal and secular factions, they say they want amendments in the deal, particularly to change provisions that bar the Egyptian military from deploying in the Sinai Peninsula, near the border with Israel. Many in Egypt see that provision as a blow to national pride and as fueling insecurity in the desert territory.
Vilnai said he did not expect the peace agreement to unravel immediately since Egypt's post-revolution government will be preoccupied with domestic issues.
"But once the regime stabilizes, as we expect it to do, we expect that there will be a grave erosion of this agreement. And we have to prepare for such a situation," Vilnai said. The peace agreement is a cornerstone of Israeli security. Israel's first with an Arab nation, it has kept a once-volatile border quiet for three decades and allowed the military to divert resources to deal with Palestinian militants in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, and Hezbollah guerrillas across Israel's northern border in Lebanon.
Israeli security officials say they have been pleased with the Egyptian military's performance in stabilizing the country since President Hosni Mubarak was toppled in February. Israeli defense officials confirm the Israeli military has already begun preparing for a number of scenarios, <b>including the possibility of the peace agreement being canceled.</b> The officials spoke on condition of anonymity because they were discussing a sensitive security issue, and it was not clear whether the preparations are limited to discussions or include actual drills or troop deployments. The army declined comment on any preparations it may be making. But it denied a report that Lt. Gen. Benny Gantz, raised the possibility of peace collapsing. </span>CKHLhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16166683411059231942noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5766260778186780622.post-41602347274400258172011-11-20T10:44:00.001-05:002011-11-20T10:52:11.660-05:00The Russians are coming...<br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #660000;">There's an oral tradition passed down from the Vilna Gaon (see Chevlei Mashaiach BiZemaneinu, p. 134), that when the Russian navy passes through the Bosporus it will be time to put on Sabbath clothes (in anticipation of the coming Mashiach.)</span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #660000;">"The Bosporus is the narrow strait in Turkey that links the Black Sea to the Mediterranean Sea through the Dardanelles strait. The Jewish sages warned that the generation who witnessed the Russian preparation to invade Israel should prepare their hearts because the coming of the Messiah was at hand."</span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #660000; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; line-height: 11px;">Haaretz Published 12:52 18.11.1</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #660000;">Report: Russia warships to enter Syria waters in bid to stem foreign intervention</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #660000;">Syrian official says Damascus agrees 'in principle' to allow entrance of Arab League observer mission; 22-member body proposed sending hundreds of observers to the to help end the bloodshed.</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #660000;">Russian warships are due to arrive at Syrian territorial waters, a Syrian news agency said on Thursday, indicating that the move represented a clear message to the West that Moscow would resist any foreign intervention in the country's civil unrest.</span></div>
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http://www.haaretz.co.il/news/world/1.1569642</div>CKHLhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16166683411059231942noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5766260778186780622.post-81093940179359600532011-11-17T13:38:00.001-05:002011-11-17T13:42:02.119-05:00It's crazy!<br />
<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/--Y2UVtWGTKQ/TsVVXeYsSPI/AAAAAAAAAsw/XAKGQ9sA2PI/s1600/zolkj.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="148" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/--Y2UVtWGTKQ/TsVVXeYsSPI/AAAAAAAAAsw/XAKGQ9sA2PI/s200/zolkj.jpg" width="200" /></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: purple;">More than 20 percent of American adults took at least one drug for conditions like anxiety and depression in 2010, according to an analysis of prescription data, including more than one in four women.</span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: purple;">The report found that use of drugs for psychiatric and behavioral disorders rose 22 percent from 2001. The medications are most often prescribed to women aged 45 and older, but their use among men and in younger adults climbed sharply. In adults 20 to 44, use of antipsychotic drugs and treatments for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder more than tripled, and use of anti-anxiety drugs like Xanax, Valium and Ativan rose 30 percent from a decade ago.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: purple;">The statistics were taken from Medco's database of prescriptions and is based on 2.5 million patients with 24 months of continuous prescription drug insurance and eligibility.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: purple;">Women are twice as likely as men to use anxiety treatments, as 11 percent of women 45 to 65 are on an anxiety medication. Women are also more likely than men to take antipsychotic drugs like Zyprexa, Risperdal, and Abilify, which treat disorders like bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. However, among men 20 to 64, use of the drugs has quadrupled over the last decade.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: purple;">"There has been a significant uptick in the use of medications to treat a variety of mental health problems; what is not as clear is if more people — especially women, are actually developing psychological disorders that require treatment, or if they are more willing to seek out help and clinicians are better at diagnosing these conditions than they once were," said Dr. David Muzina, a psychiatrist and national practice leader of Medco's Neuroscience Therapeutic Resource Center.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: purple;">Pharmaceutical companies have also sought and received approvals to market their drugs to larger groups of people.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: purple;">Drugs for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are prescribed to boys more often than girls, but adult women now take the drugs more often than men. ADHD prescriptions to adult women grew 2.5 times from 2001. However ADHD prescriptions for children have been declining since 2005.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: purple;">That reflects a decline in prescriptions for psychiatric and behavioral drugs for children. Medco found that prescriptions of those drugs for children have dropped since 2004, when the FDA warned they were linked to suicidal thoughts when used in people under 19. The company said less than 1 percent of children use antipsychotics drugs, although the figure has doubled since 2001.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: purple;">In the "diabetes belt" states of Tennessee, Kentucky, Mississippi and Alabama, about 23 percent of people are on at least one psychiatric or behavioral disorder drug. Diabetes is particularly widespread in those states and the condition is associated with higher levels of depression and anxiety disorders. The lowest rate of prescriptions was found in Indiana, Ohio, Wisconsin, and Michigan, where less than 15 percent of people are using those medications.</span><br />CKHLhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16166683411059231942noreply@blogger.com0